ABSTRACT
Schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder are common disorders in clinical psychiatry， accompanied by varying degrees of painful experience and social functioning impairment， and a high prevalence rate of co-morbidities. In this paper， a review of comparative study of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging of the two diseases is presented， so as to explore the similar and specific biological markers of them and to provide a forceful imaging basis for subsequent studies.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate regional homogeneity(ReHo)and whole brain functional connectivity(FC)in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI), and to explore the mechanisms of MCI in the resting state.Methods:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(RS-fMRI)was performed on 24 patients with MCI and 30 age, gender and nationality-matched normal controls.Abnormal brain areas in the MCI group were screened and analyzed by using the DPARSFA2.3 and SPM8 software programs.Whole brain FC analysis was performed with the posterior cingulate cortex(PCC)/precuneus as the seed points.Results:Compared with the control group, MCI subjects displayed higher ReHo values in the frontal-middle-Left, precentral-Left, postcentral-Left, rolandic-opercular-Left, and frontal-inferior-opercular-Left and lower ReHo values in the temporal-superior-right, temporal-middle-right, postcentral-right, and temporal -pole -superior -right(Voxel level, Alphasim correction, P<0.05). Whole brain FC analysis showed greater functional connectivity of PCC/precuneus with fusiform-right, thalamus-right, lingual-right and parahippocampal-right in subjects with MCI, and less functional connectivity of the PCC/precuneus with temporal-middle-Left, angular-Left, temporal-superior-Left and occipital-middle-Left in subjects with MCI(Voxel level, Alphasim correction, P<0.05). Conclusions:Abnormalities of the default mode network may be associated with the onset of MCI, and abnormalities in posterior cingulate/precuneus connectivity may be helpful in finding imaging evidence with high sensitivity to MCI.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the mechanism of subjective cognitive decline(SCD)in resting-state by using regional homogeneity(ReHo)and functional connectivity(FC)in SCD patients.Methods:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(RS-fMRI)was performed in 25 SCD patients and 30 normal controls matched by sex, education and nationality.DPARSFA2.3 and SPM8 software were used to analyze and screen the brain areas with abnormal ReHo values in SCD group, with the posterior cingulated(PCC)/paruneus as seed points for whole-brain FC analysis.Results:Compared with the normal control group, the SCD group showed that ReHo values of right occipital gyrus and left precuneus were increased, and ReHo values of right inferior temporal gyrus, right orbital inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral thalamus were decreased(Voxel level, Alphasim correction, P<0.05). Using PCC/ precuneus as seed voxels, the whole brain functional connectivity analysis showed that the functional connectivity with cerebelum Crus 2 R was increased, and the functional connectivity with right orbital inferior frontal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus and temporal pole was reduced(Voxel level, Alphasim correction, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Default mode network may play an important role in the mechanism of SCD, and abnormalities in brain areas may first occur in PCC/precuneus.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the event-related potentials( ERPs) characters of implicit cog-nitive basis in patients with alcohol dependence(AD). Methods Implicit association task and ERPs were detected in 30 individuals with alcohol dependence and 30 controls. Results In patients group,it revealed interaction between picture type and attitude words(F(1,29)= 32.08, P=0.003),and RTs to alcohol-related picture-positive words((653.2±42.3)ms and RTs to non-alcohol-related picture-negative words((698.5±38. 1)ms) were faster than those of non-alcohol-related picture-positive words((680.2±40.1)ms) and alcohol-related picture-negative words((713.3±43.3)ms).Additionally,the main effects of picture type and attitude words was significant.RTs to alcohol-related picture were faster than those to non-alcohol-related picture. RTs to alcohol-related picture-positive words in patient group were faster than those of controls((710.0±32.3) ms, P=0.009).In patients group,it revealed interaction between P3 amplitudes for picture type and attitude words.P3 amplitudes to alcohol-related picture-positive words were higher than those of P3 amplitudes to al-cohol-related picture-negative words. Interaction among picture type, attitude words and electrode sites was significant in patient group. Conclusions Patients with alcohol dependence present implicit cognitive basis to alcohol related information,and front,front-central and central are neurophysiological architecture.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the gray matter changes in aggressive patients with schizophrenia,and the relationship between the gray matter and aggression in patients.Methods Eighteen aggressive patients with schizophrenia (SZ1),18 age-and gender-matched un-aggressive patients with schizophrenia (SZ2) and 18 normal controls (NC) were enrolled in the study.Then a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was conducted for each participant.The voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach and the Chinese version of Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire (B&P) were used to explore imaging data and to assess the aggression,respectively.Results Compared with NC,patients with schizophrenia showed changes in gray matter volume (GMV) in the frontal,temporal and the occipital lobes (P＜0.05,AlphaSim corrected).Compared with SZ2,SZ1 showed increased GMV in the right supramarginal gyrus,right postcentral gyms,bilateral insula and orbito-frontal gyri (P＜0.05,AlphaSim corrected).The GMV of the right insula,right postcentral gyms and right supramarginal grus were positively associated with B&P scores in patients with schizophrenia (P＜0.01,AlphaSim corrected),respectively.Conclusions These preliminary findings support that the aggression in schizophrenia is associated with GMV changes of brain regions in patients with schizophrenia.The right postcentral gyrus,the right insula and the right supramarginal gyrus may be involved in the neural mechanism of aggression in schizophrenia.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate error-related negativity characteristics of patients with internalizing mental disorders and its diagnostic value.Methods Fifty-five patients met with DSM-Ⅳ anxiety or depression criteria were sampled from outpatients and inpatients,and 20 normal adults were selected as control group.With Eriksen and Simon tasks as evoked stimuli,error-related negativities of each participant were acquired using Canada Stellate-64 channel EEG/ERP Instrument and BESA5.2 software,and the data of general information,clinical symptoms,reaction time,and error rate were collected.Results (1) Correct reaction time ((377.5±98.8) ms)and errors reaction time ((337.3±96.6)ms) of patient group were significantly longer than those of control group ((288.5±105.9)ms and (281.9±94.3)ms) on the Eriksen task and Simon task,and there were no significantly group differences on other indicators (P＞0.05).(2) ERN amplitudes at 6 sities (Fz =(4.97±5.74) μV,F3 =(5.50±4.59) μV,F4 =(6.26±6.79) μV,Cz =(4.74±5.51) μV,C3 =(5.44±4.8) μV,C4 =(5.50± 5.28) μV) of patients group were significantly greater than those of control group ((1.17± 1.47)μV,(2.22±3.95) μV,(3.40±2.55)μV,(2.28± 1.41) μV,(3.05±2.47) μV,(3.16±2.51) μV) on the Eriksen task.ERN amplitudes at Fz((5.43±6.61) μV) and F4((6.00±5.50)μV) of patient group were significantly were greater than those of control group ((2.05 ±2.34) μV,(3.09±2.86)μV) on the Simon task,and there were no significantly group differences on the ERN amplitudes at other sites (P＞0.05).(3) ERN latencies ((87.6±34.4) ms and (84.9±34.8) ms) of patient group at Fz and F4 were significantly longer than control group ((54.0±46.5) ms and (36.3±42.4)ms) on the Simon task,and there were no significantly group differences on the ERN latencies at other sites (P＞0.05).Conclusion The increased error related potentials suggest that patients with internalizing mental disorders has an internal error monitoring defects,and ERN might be a useful endophenotype for internalizing mental disorders.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate response monitoring function in individuals with pathological internet use(PIU) using the modified Eriksen flanker task by event-related potentials(ERPs).Methods23 individuals met Young's diagnostic questionnaire (YDQ) criteria for PIU were enrolled as research group and 23 sexual-and age matched healthy persons enrolled as control group.EEG was recorded during participants performed the modified Erikson flanker task.Reactive time (RT) and error rates were compared between two groups. BESA 5.2.0was used to perform data analysisand theerror-related negativity(ERN)amnplitudeswereanalyzed.Results False alarm rate of PIU group was higher than that of control group.A repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant group,frontal electrode sites and group × frontal electrode sites main effect for ERN amplitudes ( for group:F =768,df=1,P =0.000 ; for frontal electrode sites:F =615,df=2,P =0.000 ; for group × frontal electrode sites:F =516,df=2,P=0.000),and a significant group,central electrode sites and group × central electrode sites main effect for ERN amplitudes ( for group:F=768,df=1,P =0.000 ; for central electrode sites:F =599,df=2,P =0.000 ; for group × central electrode sites:F =483,df=2,P =0.000).ERN amplitudes of PIU group were lower than those at control group.ConclusionIndividuals with PIU present response monitoring dysfunctions and share neuropsychological and ERPs characteristics of compulsive-impulsive spectrum disorder,which supports that PIU is an impulse disorder or at least related to impulse control disorder.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of escitalopram treatment on cognitive bias to the emotional facial information in patients with panic disorder. Methods 30 patients met CCMD-3 criteria for panic disorder were enrolled as research group and marched sexual and age 30 healthy persons enrolled as control group. Patients were treated with escitalopram for 8 weeks. All participants measured with dot-probe task of emotional facial information at base and after 8 weeks. RTs and attentional bias scores were compared respectively. Results After 8 weeks,HAMA scores (7. 81 ± 2. 52) in research group were lower than that of at base ( 17. 23 ± 3. 12) (P = 0.002). A repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant probe site main effect (F(1,58) =4. 34, P = 0.031 ) , RTs of antarafacial site were longer than that of homonymy site. It revealed a significant probe site and group interaction(F(1,58) =16.15, P=0.000) ,a significant emotional facial information type and probe site interaction(F(1,58)=9.25, P =0.015) ,and a significant emotional facial information type × probe site× group interaction(F(1,58) =7. 31, P = 0. 002). LSD test showed that RTs of antarafacial site to fear facial information in research group were longer than that of homonymy site(P = 0.0009). RTs and attention bias scores of antarafacial site to fear facial information after 8 weeks in research group were lower than that of at base(P=0.032,0.008). Conclusion Patients with panic disorder have the cognitive bias to the fear facial emotional stimulus, and escitalopram treatment might improve the cognitive bias.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate deficient inhibitory control in individuals with IAD using a visual go/no-go task by ERPs. Methods 26 individuals met YDQ criteria for IAD were enrolled as research group and marched sexual and age 26 healthy person enrolled as control group. BIS-11 was used for measures of impulsivity.A go/no-go task involved eight different two-digit numerical stimuli. The response window was 1000 ms and the ITIwas 1500 ms. EEG was recorded during participants performed the task. BESA 5.2.0 was used to perform data analysis and the no-go N2 amplitude was analyzed for investigation of inhibitory control. Results BIS-11 total scores, attentional key scores and motor key in IAD group were higher than that of control group. In the go/no-go task, false alarm rate of IAD group was higher and hit rate was lower than that of control group. A repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant group, frontal electrode sites and group × frontal electrode sites main effect for N2amplitudes of no-go conditions ( for group: F= 3953, df= 1, P= 0.000;for frontal electrode sites: F= 541, df= 9, P= 0.000;for group × frontal electrode sites: F = 306, df = 9, P = 0. 000 ), and a significant group, central electrode sites and group × central electrode sites main effect for N2 amplitudes of no-go conditions ( for group: F=9074, df= 1, P = 0. 000;for central electrode sites: F = 163, df= 2, P = 0.000;for group × central electrode sites: F = 73, df= 2, P = 0.000). N2 amplitudes of no-go conditions were lower than those at control group. Conclusions Individuals with IAD were more impulsive than controls and shared neuropsychological and ERPs characteristics of compulsive-impulsive spectrum disorder, which supports that IAD is an impulse disorder or at leastrelated to impulse control disorder.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe effect of Liqiao Yizhi Decoction (Decoction for inducing resuscitation to improve cognition) on mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods Treatment group (32 cases) was treated with Liqiao Yizhi Decoction,and the control group was treated by Piracetam. Memory,congnition and related scores of both groups were observed. Results Both groups were improved in the scores of cognition,memory and behavioral ability of MCI patients (P